Congenital Anomalies of the Tracheobronchial Tree: A Meta-Analysis and Clinical Considerations

Background The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and anatomic features major tracheobronchial anomalies. Methods Major electronic databases were systematically searched identify eligible studies. Data extracted pooled into a meta-analysis. primary outcome anomalies, specifically tracheal bronchus (TB) accessory cardiac (ACB). Secondary outcomes included origin types TB ACB. Results A total 27 studies (n = 119,695 patients) included. present in 0.99% (95% confidence interval, 0.67 1.37) patients, an ACB 0.14% 0.09 0.20). overall higher imaging than operative (1.81% vs 0.82%). It also pediatric (2.55%) adult (0.50%). Patients with other congenital anomalies 15 times more likely have (odds ratio 14.89; 95% 7.09 31.22). most common TBs from trachea (81.42%), primarily right side (96.43%). ACBs intermediate (74.32%). terminated as blind-ending diverticulum two thirds cases. Conclusions are approximately 1% population, although is among patients accompanying Although rare, can be associated significant respiratory morbidities challenges during airway management surgical critical care patients. Establishing preoperative diagnosis these variations essential for planning implementing appropriate strategy minimize attendant complications.